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Geocapromys ingrahami
Bahamian hutia


By Courtney Gramlich

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Capromyidae
Genus: Geocapromys
Species: Geocapromys ingrahami

Geographic Range

Geocapromys ingrahami is found on the islands of the Bahamas. Subspecies are found on other islands of the Caribbean, and northern Venezuela.

(Encyclopedia Britannica,1999)

Biogeographic Regions
neotropical (Native ); oceanic islands (Native )

Other Geographic Terms
island endemic

Habitat

Geocapromys ingrahami is found in the forests of the Bahamas. It is found in the trees or on the ground. This species of Hutia is found mainly on the East Plana Cay of the Bahamas. (Attrill and Attrill, 2000; Packard, 1983)

Habitat Regions
tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes
forest ; scrub forest

Physical Description

Average mass
5.000 kg
(11.01 lb)

Average mass
660 g
(23.26 oz)
[External Source: AnAge]

Average basal metabolic rate
1.483 W
[External Source: AnAge]

Geocapromys ingrahami is a rat-like rodent. Its fur comes in many different colors. It can be gray, brown, black, white, or red. Its length ranges from 20 - 60 cm, not including the tail. The tail is short.

(Attrill, 2000; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1999)

Reproduction

Range number of offspring
1.000 to 4.000

Average number of offspring
1
[External Source: AnAge]

Range gestation period
125 to 156 days

Average birth mass
80 g
(2.82 oz)
[External Source: AnAge]

Range time to weaning
2.000 (low) days

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female)
Sex: female

730 days
[External Source: AnAge]

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male)
Sex: male

730 days
[External Source: AnAge]

The females breed all year round. The gestation period is 17 - 18 weeks. The female may have one to four young. The young are born full of fur and with their eyes open. They are able to eat solid foods, like leaves, a few days after they are born. The young tend to stay with their mothers for up to two years. Geocapromys ingrahami lives up to 12 years and the reproduction rate is low. Sexual maturity is two years old.

(Attrill, 2000; Packard, 1983)

Parental Investment
precocial

Lifespan/Longevity

Behavior

Hutia live in pairs all their lives. They are very social with each other. They are not aggressive animals but they "wrestle" with each other. This "wrestling" is thought to be playful. There is no sexual or aggressive intention. The Hutia also mark their scent by urinating. Unlike dogs, Hutia do not use this technique to mark their territory. It is thought that it is used to ensure the cohesion of the population. The Bahamas Hutia is nocturnal and terrestrial.

(Attrill, 2000; Packard, 1983)

Key Behaviors
social

Food Habits

The Bahamas Hutia is mostly a vegetarian. It eats bark, leaves, nuts, fruits, and the occasional insect or lizard. Geocapromys ingrahami is a good climber but tends to eat the vegetation closer to the ground.

(Attrill, 2000; Packard, 1983; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1999)

Economic Importance for Humans: Positive

The Bahamas Hutia can be easily bred and studied in zoos. Scientists also study this animal because it is endangered.

(Attrill, 2000)

Economic Importance for Humans: Negative

There is no negative affect on humans.

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List [Link]
Vulnerable

US Federal List [Link]
Threatened

CITES [Link]
No special status

Geocapromys ingarahami is an endangered species. It was once believed that it was extinct. The causes of their endangerment include hunting, habitat destruction, predation by introduced cats, dogs, and mongoose. Scientists have relocated some Hutia to other small islands of the Bahamas.

The animal is protected under the Wild Animals Protection Act of 1968. This prohibits killing and capturing of Hutia. The Bahamas Hutia has the most abundant population of all the Hutia species. One species is extinct, and all are endangered or threatened. A program is reintroducing the Bahamas Hutia to the island of Exuma.

(Attrill, 2000; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1999)

Other Comments

The Bahamas Hutia is known as a "living fossil" because it was once thought to be extinct. It was found in the early 1960's on a remote island of the Bahamas. Several programs are in progess to keep this species from extinction.

(Attrill, 2000)

For More Information

Find Geocapromys ingrahami information at

Contributors

Courtney Gramlich (author), Milford High School, George Campbell (editor), Milford High School.

References

Attrill, R., M. Attrill. 2000. "The Bahamas Hutia" (On-line). Accessed October 22, 2000 at http://www.attrill.freeserve.co.uk/hutia.htm.

Encyclopedia Britannica, 1999. "Hutia" (On-line). Accessed October 3, 2000 at http://britannica.com/seo/h/hutia/.

Packard, R. 1983. Hutia. Pp. 620 in Encyclopedia Britannica.

Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, "Commonwealth of the Bahamas" (On-line). Accessed October 22, 2000 at http://www.mnh.si.edu/livingfossils/hutia.htm.

To cite this page: Gramlich, C. 2001. "Geocapromys ingrahami" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed February 12, 2012 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Geocapromys_ingrahami.html

Disclaimer: The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control.

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