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Dicrurus paradiseus
greater racket-tailed drongo


By Patrick Maloney

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Dicruridae
Genus: Dicrurus
Species: Dicrurus paradiseus
Members of this Species

Geographic Range

Greater racket-tailed drongos are found throughout Southeast Asia. They are found in India, east of Bangladesh and south of the Himalayas. They are also found in southern China, on the island of Hainan, and in parts of Indonesia. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Ali, 1941)

Biogeographic Regions
oriental (Native )

Habitat

Range elevation
0 to 2000 m
(0.00 to 6561.68 ft)

Average elevation
1500 m
(4921.26 ft)

Greater racket-tailed drongos inhabit a wide variety of habitats. They can be found in moist deciduous forests, in the low hills of the Himalayas and also in wide-open plains. Populations are most dense in the foothills of the Himalayas. They can be found from sea level to 2,000 meters. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Ali, 1941; Roberts, 1992)

Habitat Regions
tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes
forest ; rainforest ; mountains

Physical Description

Range mass
70 to 125 g
(2.47 to 4.41 oz)

Average mass
100 g
(3.52 oz)

Range length
31 to 36 cm
(12.20 to 14.17 in)

Average length
33 cm
(12.99 in)

Range wingspan
13 to 17 mm
(0.51 to 0.67 in)

Greater racket-tailed drongos can weigh from 70 to 125 grams and are 31 to 36 centimeters in body length, not including their elongated tail feathers. Males and females are similar in appearance. The body is glossy black with shades of blue and green. The blue extends from behind their reddish-brown eyes to about halfway down the back.The wings and the tuft on the top of the head are green with a hint of pale yellow on the very tips of the wings. Greater racket-tailed drongos have two wirelike ‘racket’ tipped feathers that extend beyond the tail. (Ali, 1941; Roberts, 1992)

Other Physical Features
endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism
sexes alike

Reproduction

Greater racket-tailed drongos form monogamous pairs during breeding season. There is some evidence that young help with raising subsequent broods as well. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005)

Mating System
monogamous

Breeding interval
Breeding occurs once yearly.

Breeding season
Breeding occurs between February and July, depending on the region.

Range eggs per season
1 to 4

Average eggs per season
3

Range time to hatching
15 to 17 days

Range fledging age
17 to 28 days

Average fledging age
19 days

Range time to independence
4 to 6 weeks

Greater racket-tailed drongos breed from March to June but there is quite a bit of variation in the breeding season in different localities. Birds found in the northern parts of their range tend to mate much later in the season, between June and July. Populations in more southern, tropical regions tend to mate much earlier, around February. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Ali, 1941; Roberts, 1992)

The nests of greater racket-tailed drongos are saucer-like in shape. They are made of intricately intertwined roots and leaves with fine materials lining the inside. They are held together with cobwebs and camouflaged with lichens. The nests are often found at a horizontal fork of two branches. Greater racket-tailed drongos tend to lay 3 to 4 eggs. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Roberts, 1992)

Key Reproductive Features
seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate)

Nesting duties, constructing the nest, incubation, and rearing young are shared between males and females. Males and females also continue to watch over their young even after they leave the nest.

Parental Investment
altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); post-independence association with parents

Lifespan/Longevity

The lifespan of greater racket-tailed drongos is not known.

Behavior

Greater racket-tailed drongos can normally be found in hunting groups that are made up of other bird species, mainly jungle babblers (Timaliidae). They are usually observed along, in pairs, or in small groups. They are very territorial. Greater racket-tailed drongos have a style of flight similar to that of other drongos (Dicruridae), which includes a lot of dipping with short spurts of flapping followed by a period of gliding. The ‘rackets’ on the end of the tail make the bird’s flight excessively noisy and make a persistent humming noise. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Ali, 1941)

Key Behaviors
arboreal ; flies; diurnal ; sedentary ; solitary ; territorial ; social

Home Range

The home range of greater racket-tailed drongos is not known.

Communication and Perception

Greater racket-tailed drongos have a large repertoire of calls that consist of bell-like notes, whistles, warbles, and metallic sounding calls that are typical of most drongos. Greater racket-tailed drongos are convincing mimics, which is useful when traveling in the mixed hunting flocks in which they are usually found. (Ali, 1941)

Communication Channels
visual ; acoustic

Other Communication Modes
mimicry

Food Habits

Greater racket-tailed drongos feed on the nectar of plants but also eat insects including ants, bees, beetles, dragonflies, locusts, mantids, moths, and termites. Like other drongos, they catch their prey in mid-air or pick them off of surfaces, and then carry prey back to the nest in their claws. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005; Ali, 1941)

Primary Diet
carnivore (Insectivore ); herbivore (Nectarivore )

Animal Foods
insects

Plant Foods
nectar

Predation

Predation on greater racket-tailed drongos has not been reported, although it is likely that a variety of arboreal predators, such as snakes, prey on eggs, nestlings, and young.

Ecosystem Roles

Greater racket-tailed drongos act as predators in the ecosystems they inhabit by preying on a multitude of insects. They are also capable of pollinating plants because they feed on nectar. (Ali, 1941; Roberts, 1992)

Ecosystem Impact
pollinates

Economic Importance for Humans: Positive

Greater racket-tailed drongos are important members of native ecosystems, but otherwise have no known economic importance for humans. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005)

Economic Importance for Humans: Negative

Greater racket-tailed drongos have no negative impact on human society. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005)

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [Link]
Least Concern
More Information

US Migratory Bird Act [Link]
No special status

US Federal List [Link]
No special status

CITES [Link]
No special status

State of Michigan List [Link]
No special status

Greater racket-tailed drongos are not currently considered threatened. ("Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia", 2005)

For More Information

Find Dicrurus paradiseus information at

Contributors

Tanya Dewey (editor), Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.

Patrick Maloney (author), Kalamazoo College, Ann Fraser (editor, instructor), Kalamazoo College.

References

2005. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. The Gale Group. Accessed October 16, 2006 at http://www.answers.com/topic/greater-racket-tailed-drongo.

Ali, S. 1941. The Book of Indian Birds. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Roberts, T. 1992. The Birds of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

To cite this page: Maloney, P. 2007. "Dicrurus paradiseus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed May 31, 2012 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Dicrurus_paradiseus.html

Disclaimer: The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control.

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